少年四大名捕

二 |     Last week, Israel's parliament voted to dissolve itself after the ruling Bloc of Change coalition had lost its paper-thin majority. Lapid, who served as the foreign minister in Bennett's cabinet and is also the leader of the largest opposition party Yesh Atid, assumed the office of prime minister until the next parliamentary elections scheduled for November. This will be the country's fifth snap vote in under four years.,The previous one took place in March 2021 after the parliament had dissolved itself due to the failure to adopt a state budget by the deadline. It ended with Lapid forming a coalition agreement with Bennett, who leads the right-wing Yamina political alliance, entailing a rotational two-year premiership.,Unique Coalition,The coalition created by Bennett and Lapid was the most diverse in Israel's history, consisting of parties that run the gamut from right to left, religious to secular, and even included an Arab party, the United Arab List (also known as Ra'am). Other coalition members included Yesh Atid, Yamina, Blue and White, Yisrael Beiteinu, New Hope, Labor and Meretz.,The coalition's diversity is explained by the shared desire to prevent Benjamin Netanyahu, the leader of the right-wing Likud party and a former prime minister, from once again taking power. However, the variety of political forces presented in the coalition also made it hard to sustain.,"The effort and the energy that were invested in maintaining the coalition government throughout this year actually exhausted the government and the people at the top, and they couldn’t really deal with certain issues that could have given them credit were they successful in surviving until the next elections," Tamar Hermann, a professor of political science at the Open University of Israel and academic director of the Viterbi Family Center for Public Opinion and Policy Research at the Israel Democracy Institute, said.,According to Itzhak Galnoor, a senior research fellow at the Van Leer Jerusalem Institute and emeritus Herbert Samuel professor of political science at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, the Bennett-Lapid government should have invested much more effort in keeping the alliance together, which they failed to do.,"It was an attempt to save Israeli democracy, prevent corruption, show that a government can function without all those tricks and things that the Netanyahu government was notable for doing for many years. In this way, I mean the second part, they actually did succeed for a while. So, the main failure, as I said, was the problem of maintaining some politicians within the parties who knew exactly what they were getting into. It wasn’t just that the whole experiment was a failure, it was more of a personal thing," Galnoor said.,The expert also suggested that if the Arab political alliance Joint List, which was not part of the ruling coalition, had given its support to the government and overcome the personal animosity between them and the United Arab List then the coalition would have survived.,"So, it is difficult to say more than we have now personification of politics, which makes it very difficult to have a coalition and it does not matter even if we may have ten elections," Galnoor surmised.,Meanwhile, Liron Lavi, a lecturer and research fellow at the UCLA Y&S Nazarian Center for Israel Studies, drew attention to the changes in the Israeli political spectrum.,"'Right' and 'Left' are much less about the Israeli-Palestinian conflict- the main issue that has defined Israeli politics since 1967. Instead, the political axis in Israel is being re-shaped around issues of the state's Jewish identity and democracy," she stated, adding that "in light of this change, and until the political axis will be redefined and parties will realign themselves along it, we are expected to see more political instability in Israel in the near future.",Time for Change,The series of snap elections has revealed the issues with Israel's current electoral system, in which parliamentary seats are proportionally divided between parties and a ruling coalition must secure 61 seats in order to form a government. However, creation of a stable political coalition out of sprawling factions has become a daunting task. At the same time, parties are currently the least trusted political organizations in Israel, with people often having little idea what is the real difference between them, according to Hermann.,"Many parties do not even have platforms, so people vote by identification based on, as I said, the level of religiosity and past experience," Hermann explained. "The parties are, in a way, obsolete, but we don’t have any alternative channel for choosing the candidates for the national elections, so if the electoral system is changed, probably the parties will have to adapt and maybe become more relevant.",Galnoor, for his part, underscored the need to make sure the country has a stable government and ruling coalition, noting that the Israeli Democracy Institute suggested the following changes to the country's parliamentary system: making the head of the biggest party after the election the prime minister by default so they could form a governing coalition as well as introducing mixed elections, with some lawmakers representing geographic constituencies instead of being voted on via party lists.,"You have, let’s say, a member of the Knesset [who] represents the Negev, the south, he would have to represent all the people in the south. It would be Jewish and Arab and it would be Orthodox and non-Orthodox, so you would have a representative, a member of the Knesset, that cuts across the differences in society," the expert outlined the idea.,Shmuel Sandler, the professor emeritus of political science at Bar-Ilan University and a senior research fellow at the Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies also called for electoral reform and hoped that a coalition without Netanyahu might implement it.,"He would try to go for a reform in which the head of the largest party is also elected as PM. But this does not assure stability," Sandler noted.。在今年3月科技部等九部门联合印发的《“十四五”东西部科技合作实施方案》中，就明确表示要引导创新要素跨区域有序流动和高效集聚，推动资源共享、人才交流、平台联建、联合攻关、成果转化和产业化，形成优势互补、高效协同的跨区域科技创新合作新局面。“实现高质量发展，必须实现依靠创新驱动的内涵型增长。” 中国科协党组成员、书记处书记王进展在2022科创中国·科学家企业家创投家峰会致辞中指出，自“科创中国”品牌建设启动以来，通过试点探索、组织创新、平台建设“三位一体”模式，汇聚“政产学研金服用”创新要素资源，在带动高质量创新创业、助力区域产业创新升级、促进科技经济融合等方面取得了积极成效。

三 | 峰会现场，2022年“科创中国”榜单活动正式启动。聚焦创新创业全链条，针对创新创业中的堵点痛点难点，榜单从推动技术突破、加快企业培育、促进产学研融通、强化人才支撑、促进创业就业、优化创新生态、加速成果转化等七个方面，设立“先导技术榜”“新锐企业榜”“融通创新组织榜”“技术经理人先锋榜”“创业就业先锋榜”“开源创新榜”“国际创新合作榜”七类榜单，构建了覆盖创新创业的全链条榜单体系。科技创新是高质量发展关键科技创新是打造高质量发展新动能和新机制的关键，是应对、解决实现高质量发展进程中的风险和挑战、矛盾和问题的法宝，更是打开新时代中国特色社会主义事业发展新天地的方法和路径。在实现第二个百年奋斗目标新的“赶考”之路上，科学把握我们面临的战略机遇和风险挑战，需要以正确的战略策略应变局、育新机、开新局。中国科协副主席，中国机械工业集团有限公司党委常委、副总经理、总工程师，中国工程院院士陈学东在《高端装备制造技术创新与突破》的主题演讲中提到，站在“两个一百年”奋斗目标的历史交汇点上,制造强国建设正不断迈上新台阶。在建设制造强国、质量强国、品牌中国时，需要长期性、系统性的战略布局，具体可以从政策、平台和人才三方面推进产业基础创新发展。即，一是营造良好的宏观政策环境，用“链式推进”方式系统解决工业“五基”问题；二是围绕产业链部署创新链，推动有条件的转制院所一定程度回归公益，成为原创技术的“策源地”，为行业提供关键共性技术；三是进一步培育优秀企业家、卓越工程师和高技能人才。

四 | 中国科学院院士、广东省智能科学与技术研究院院长、中国神经科学学会理事长张旭在题为《脑科学与类脑智能科技的发展方向》的演讲中回顾了从事脑智工程相关研究的历程。

五 | 以上海脑-智工程中心的研发运营为例，他阐述了打通科技成果转化“最后一公里”的关键。

六 | “上海脑-智工程中心在本质上打破了科学院和国立研究机构、地区研究机构在体制机制上的隔阂，实现了一种跨行业、跨学科、跨专业、跨部门之间的大协作，产生了技术真正的转移转化和科技创新企业。

七 | 科技创新应该包含社会集体创新、发展模式创新和成果分类共享，让包括投资人、科学家、政府部门等每个参与者在科技创新的大环境中找到自己的精准定位。”参会院士专家中，中国工程院院士谭建荣将目光聚焦在数字化制造、网络化制造、智能化制造的转型升级上。在他看来，智能制造是打造“专精尖特”企业的关键。而真正做好、做精智能制造，智能设计、智能加工、智能装配以及智能服务缺一不可。中国工程院外籍院士余艾冰认为，推动信息技术与制造技术的深度融合，将为流程工业智能化发展提供强劲动能。借助数学模型，可对相关生产数据进行有效分析，从而实现工艺优化、提质增效等各方面的优化提升。架起资源链接桥梁实现共享共赢科技与资本的融合互动，是促进科技成果转化、深化创新创业、驱动经济高质量发展的强大引擎。推动科学界、产业界、金融界等交流融合，促进技术、资本、人才有效对接，才能有效解决产业实际问题。在高峰对话环节，专家学者、企业家、创投家围绕“中国创新的机遇与挑战”主题，聚焦更好发挥科技创新对高质量发展的支撑引领作用、有效促进科技与经济相互融合、加速科技成果转化等问题，科学把握面临的战略机遇和风险挑战，总结创新模式与路径，为推动台州经济社会高质量发展献智出力。科学技术是第一生产力，无论国家层面还是企业层面都非常重视科技与创新。行业和企业的技术进步与创新，都离不开一个关键因素，那就是科技人才。中国工程院院士、温州医科大学校长李校堃着重谈到了科技创新中“人”的作用，他指出，人的要素要发挥好，很多好的想法、好的战略都由人去实施，比如，人要有好的机会、好的环境去发展，此外，还要充分调动技术工程人才与企业合作的积极性，充分发挥科技专家的作用，促进产业科技创新发展。以科技创新驱动高质量发展，是贯彻新发展理念、破解当前经济发展中突出矛盾和问题的关键，也是加快转变发展方式、优化经济结构、转换增长动力的重要抓手。如何依靠科技创新打造高质量发展新引擎？华大集团执行副总裁杨爽表示，加快科研成果的转化，是个国际性的命题，从华大自身实践来说，一直坚持“三发三带” 的方法论，“三发”就是科学、技术、产业始终同步发展，“三带”就是以项目或者任务来带学科、人才和产业的发展，这个方法论使得华大做基础科研的团队和做产业搞经济的团队在方向和利益上保持了高度的一致，客观上保证了科研成果的高效转化。

八 | 作为一名企业家，浙江华海药业股份有限公司总裁陈保华也深感科技创新的重要性，他强调，企业作为要科研成果转化的主体，除了加强自身的研发之外，更需要加强对外项目的合作，更好的推动科研成果的转化。科技成果是创新的结果，科技成果转化则是将科技成果形成市场价值的过程，科技成果转化会进一步刺激企业创新。幂方健康基金合伙人喻晶表示，在生产过程当中，政、产、医研、资用几个方面可能缺一不可，各个因素可能都要匹配，最后才有可能做得好。“科技创新能够帮助我国的企业在全球产业链里面去占据更好的位置。” 昆仲资本创始合伙人梁隽樟指出，投资机构一方面希望结合地方产业需求投资重点产业和领域，帮助地方得到提升；另一方面，希望帮助企业发现符合企业成长的团队，让企业更加注重懂成果技术的应用。

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